Social Security? What Exactly Is It?

Social Security provides retirement, disability, family, and survivor benefits to eligible people. The Social Security Administration (SSA) also administers Supplemental Security Income (SSI), a separate program with different eligibility rules.

Different benefits serve different needs

Retirement benefits depend on qualifying work history and the age benefits begin. Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) generally requires a qualifying disability and sufficient work history. Family benefits and survivor benefits may be available to eligible relatives under specific rules.

SSI supports eligible people with limited income and resources who have a disability, blindness, or are age 65 or older. It should not be confused with Social Security retirement or SSDI.

Caregiving and benefit eligibility

Being a caregiver does not by itself establish eligibility for Social Security benefits. A caregiver may qualify under their own record or applicable family-benefit rules. Ask SSA which benefits apply to your circumstances.

Planning an application

Review your earnings record and benefit estimates with SSA before deciding when to apply. Retirement timing can affect monthly payments. For eligibility and application guidance, use the official SSA pages linked above.

Support for Massachusetts caregivers

MCL’s Adult Foster Care services are separate from Social Security benefits. Massachusetts families can learn about monthly caregiver payments and eligibility or call 866-880-8889, Monday through Friday, 8:30 AM to 4:30 PM.

This overview is general educational information. SSA determines Social Security and SSI eligibility. Read our editorial standards.